Basics of Pneumatics and Pneumatic Systems

Pneumatics has long since played an important role as a technology in the performance of mechanical work. It is also being used in the development of automation solutions.  Pneumatic systems are similar to hydraulic systems but in these systems compressed air is used in place of hydraulic fluid.

A pneumatic system is a system that uses compressed air to transmit and control energy. Pneumatic systems are used extensively in various industries.  Most pneumatic systems rely on a constant supply of compressed air to make them work. This is provided by an air compressor. The compressor sucks in air the atmosphere and stores it in a high pressure tank called a receiver. This compressed air is then supplied to the system through a series of pipes and valves.

The word ‘Pneuma’ means air. Pneumatics is all about using compressed air to do the work. Compressed air is the air the atmosphere which is reduced in volume by compression thus increasing its pressure. It is used as a working medium normally at a pressure of 6 kg/sq mm to 8 kg/sq mm. For using pneumatic systems, maximum force up to 50 kN can be developed. Actuation of the controls can be manual, pneumatic electrical actuation. Compressed air is mainly used to do work by acting on a piston vane. This energy is used in many areas of the steel industry.