The working principle of the pneumatic cylinder:

The piston cylinder converts the energy of the compressed air into the mechanical reciprocating motion of the piston. When pressurized air enters one cylinder cavity and the other cavity has an outlet to the atmosphere, the piston and rod begin to move together. In one direction of movement of the rod, we get thrust, and in the opposite direction, we get thrust.

Pneumatic cylinders can be divided into 1 cylinder and 2 cylinders according to their working mode, with 1 2 piston rods. These cylinders are of the diaphragm and piston type.

In a single-acting cylinder, the piston can only move in one direction under the pressure of compressed air because the air always comes one side of the piston. The return spring is used to move the piston to its initial position. Other external forces can also be used to return the piston. The air entering the cylinder is discharged to the atmosphere. Here, the force generated under the action of compressed air during the forward stroke of the cylinder is reduced by the return spring, and the force that occurs when the piston returns depends on the degree of compression of the spring and its stiffness. The return stroke in these cylinders is used as a working cylinder.

The movement of the rod in the double-acting cylinder occurs under the influence of different directions (forward and backward) of air pressure. For these cylinders, both strokes (forward and reverse) work, although the force generated by the double-acting cylinder during the reverse stroke is less than the force generated during the forward stroke.

All pneumatic cylinders are characterized by low cost, simple and robust design, and easy installation. The basic parameters of the cylinder have a wide range. For example, the diameter of the cylinder piston is 6-320 mm, the piston stroke is 1-2000 mm, the force generated by the piston is 2-50000 N, and the piston movement speed is 0.02-1.5 m/s. The diameter of the cylinder is in the range of 12 to 200 mm. The double-acting piston cylinder can also have adjustable damping in the end position.